Similar species are " Niebla effusa ", distinguished by containing the lichen substance salazinic acid, and " Niebla pulchribarbara ", distinguished by containing protocetraric acid.
2.
These species were recognized as " Niebla pulchribarbara ", which the type reportedly contained protocetraric acid, a rare chemotype for the genus not found south of Bah�a de San Quint�n.
3.
"Niebla pulchribarbara " is distinguished by a hemispherical mat-like thallus, divided into numerous tangled sublinear-prismatic branches to 8 cm high and 16 cm across, and by containing the lichen substance protocetraric acid, without triterepenes.
4.
Similar species are " Niebla brachyura ", distinguished by containing the lichen substance hypoprotocetraric acid, " Niebla pulchribarbara ", distinguished by containing protocetraric acid, and " Niebla limicola ", that differs by the broad flattened curled ( crispate ) branches near base from which short bifurcate acicular branchlets develop.
5.
Although " Niebla spatulata " has so far been found only with " N . flabellata ", " Niebla pulchribarbara " ( protocetraric acid ) occurs with " Niebla palmeri ", which differs in having sekikaic acid; both are rare terricolous species with less related lichen biogenetically metabolites, while they are also morphologically similar.
6.
"Niebla marinii " has been included under a very broad species concept, ( " Niebla josecuervoi " ); Under the broad species concept, the morphological differences are seen as environmentally induced variation, and the chemical differences ( e . g ., " Niebla pulchribarbara ", protocetraric acid ) are viewed as belonging to a chemo-syndrome;
7.
The genus " Niebla differs " in having free chondroid strands in the medulla and by lichen substances primarily of depsides ( divaricatic acid or sekikaic acid with accessory treterpenes ), and depsidones ( salazinic acid or hyprotocetraric acid or protocetraric acid or acid deficient, without accessory triterpenes ); the terpenes when present are not the triterpene zeorin and the diterpene (-)-16 ?-hydroxykaurane that characterizes the genus " Vermilacinia ".
8.
Richard Spjut distinguished the two species by their lichen substances and branching patterns that resulted in describing two more terricolous species with salazinic acid in order to clarify their taxonomy; " Niebla effusa " was recognized by terminal dilated and fringed branches, and " Niebla arenaria " by the antler-like terminal branches . " Niebla pulchribarbara " is easily recognized by its secondary metabolite, the only species in the genus to contain protocetraric acid.
9.
Richard Spjut, who conducted almost yearly expeditions to Baja California two to four weeks duration from 1985 to 1996, did not find " Niebla " with protocetraric acid south of Bah�a de San Quint�n among approximately 2, 000 specimens of Niebla he analyzed by thin-layer chromatography . was later designated as type for the newly described " Niebla arenaria " " Niebla josecuervoi " as recognized by Spjut is according to the morphological and chemical description provided by Rundel and Bowler but not according their ecological data.
10.
Two descriptions were provided for " N . homalea ", one for rock forms and one for soil forms; soil forms were implicitly excluded from the nomenclature list of synonyms by stating rock populations of " N . homalea " thalli have spot tests negative, except P + ( synonym " Niebla pulchribarbara "; see " Niebla josecuervoi " ), K + when salazinic or protocetraric acids are present ( See " Niebla josecuervoi " ) . It appears that the description under " N . homalea " was intended for the two species, a practice that deviates from that traditionally published in floras.
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